The components of a traditional DWDM system consists of the transponder, multiplexer/de-multiplexer, optical add/drop multiplexers, and optical amplifiers.
DWDM components
Below is a high level overview of the process in which data is transmitted using DWDM and what each component’s function is within the system:
1. The data stream comes in via the router and is input into the transponder.
2. The transponder maps the signal to a DWDM wavelength and sends it to the multiplexer (Mux) to consolidate the optical signal.
3. As the signal leaves the multiplexer, optical amplifiers boost the signal to allow the signal to travel over longer distances.
4. Along the way, optical add/drop multiplexers (OADM) can add and remove bitstreams of a specific wavelength. Also, additional amplifiers can be used to further boost the signal’s distance.
5. The signal the arrives and gets de-multiplexed (DeMux) into individual DWDM wavelengths, which are then passed through the transponder to be converted into the corresponding signals to be routed to its final destination.
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